RFID is a generic term for technologies that use radio waves to automatically identify people or objects. Unlike bar codes, no clear line of sight is required to obtain an accurate read.
The basic RFID system comprises a transponder, a reader and an antenna. Data is stored in a transponder device called a tag. Current tags, depending on application, can hold up to 2 kbits of data. Tags can be read-only or read/write.
A radio frequency signal is transmitted from the reader to a transponder that passes within range of the reader’s antenna. The signal triggers RF emissions from the tag. The transponder holds bits of data, which is either reflected or sent back to the reader, depending on whether the tag is passive or active. Transponder data includes information such as the transaction record type, the unique transponder ID number, the reader ID number, the transaction status code, and the error detection code. Customer data can be specified as well.
Read Range
The read range, or the physical area within which the reader can recognize the tag, is dependent on tag-reader frequency; antenna design for both tag and reader; tag energy efficiency; and amount of
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